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<?php namespace MaxMind\Db\Reader; use MaxMind\Db\Reader\InvalidDatabaseException; class Decoder { private $fileStream; private $pointerBase; // This is only used for unit testing private $pointerTestHack; private $switchByteOrder; private $types = array( 0 => 'extended', 1 => 'pointer', 2 => 'utf8_string', 3 => 'double', 4 => 'bytes', 5 => 'uint16', 6 => 'uint32', 7 => 'map', 8 => 'int32', 9 => 'uint64', 10 => 'uint128', 11 => 'array', 12 => 'container', 13 => 'end_marker', 14 => 'boolean', 15 => 'float', ); public function __construct( $fileStream, $pointerBase = 0, $pointerTestHack = false ) { $this->fileStream = $fileStream; $this->pointerBase = $pointerBase; $this->pointerTestHack = $pointerTestHack; $this->switchByteOrder = $this->isPlatformLittleEndian(); } public function decode($offset) { list(, $ctrlByte) = unpack('C', $this->read($offset, 1)); $offset++; $type = $this->types[$ctrlByte >> 5]; // Pointers are a special case, we don't read the next $size bytes, we // use the size to determine the length of the pointer and then follow // it. if ($type == 'pointer') { list($pointer, $offset) = $this->decodePointer($ctrlByte, $offset); // for unit testing if ($this->pointerTestHack) { return array($pointer); } list($result) = $this->decode($pointer); return array($result, $offset); } if ($type == 'extended') { list(, $nextByte) = unpack('C', $this->read($offset, 1)); $typeNum = $nextByte + 7; if ($typeNum < 8) { throw new InvalidDatabaseException( "Something went horribly wrong in the decoder. An extended type " . "resolved to a type number < 8 (" . $this->types[$typeNum] . ")" ); } $type = $this->types[$typeNum]; $offset++; } list($size, $offset) = $this->sizeFromCtrlByte($ctrlByte, $offset); return $this->decodeByType($type, $offset, $size); } private function decodeByType($type, $offset, $size) { switch ($type) { case 'map': return $this->decodeMap($size, $offset); case 'array': return $this->decodeArray($size, $offset); case 'boolean': return array($this->decodeBoolean($size), $offset); } $newOffset = $offset + $size; $bytes = $this->read($offset, $size); switch ($type) { case 'utf8_string': return array($this->decodeString($bytes), $newOffset); case 'double': $this->verifySize(8, $size); return array($this->decodeDouble($bytes), $newOffset); case 'float': $this->verifySize(4, $size); return array($this->decodeFloat($bytes), $newOffset); case 'bytes': return array($bytes, $newOffset); case 'uint16': return array($this->decodeUint16($bytes), $newOffset); case 'uint32': return array($this->decodeUint32($bytes), $newOffset); case 'int32': return array($this->decodeInt32($bytes), $newOffset); case 'uint64': return array($this->decodeUint64($bytes), $newOffset); case 'uint128': return array($this->decodeUint128($bytes), $newOffset); default: throw new InvalidDatabaseException( "Unknown or unexpected type: " . $type ); } } private function verifySize($expected, $actual) { if ($expected != $actual) { throw new InvalidDatabaseException( "The MaxMind DB file's data section contains bad data (unknown data type or corrupt data)" ); } } private function decodeArray($size, $offset) { $array = array(); for ($i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) { list($value, $offset) = $this->decode($offset); array_push($array, $value); } return array($array, $offset); } private function decodeBoolean($size) { return $size == 0 ? false : true; } private function decodeDouble($bits) { // XXX - Assumes IEEE 754 double on platform list(, $double) = unpack('d', $this->maybeSwitchByteOrder($bits)); return $double; } private function decodeFloat($bits) { // XXX - Assumes IEEE 754 floats on platform list(, $float) = unpack('f', $this->maybeSwitchByteOrder($bits)); return $float; } private function decodeInt32($bytes) { $bytes = $this->zeroPadLeft($bytes, 4); list(, $int) = unpack('l', $this->maybeSwitchByteOrder($bytes)); return $int; } private function decodeMap($size, $offset) { $map = array(); for ($i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) { list($key, $offset) = $this->decode($offset); list($value, $offset) = $this->decode($offset); $map[$key] = $value; } return array($map, $offset); } private $pointerValueOffset = array( 1 => 0, 2 => 2048, 3 => 526336, 4 => 0, ); private function decodePointer($ctrlByte, $offset) { $pointerSize = (($ctrlByte >> 3) & 0x3) + 1; $buffer = $this->read($offset, $pointerSize); $offset = $offset + $pointerSize; $packed = $pointerSize == 4 ? $buffer : (pack('C', $ctrlByte & 0x7)) . $buffer; $unpacked = $this->decodeUint32($packed); $pointer = $unpacked + $this->pointerBase + $this->pointerValueOffset[$pointerSize]; return array($pointer, $offset); } private function decodeUint16($bytes) { // No big-endian unsigned short format return $this->decodeUint32($bytes); } private function decodeUint32($bytes) { list(, $int) = unpack('N', $this->zeroPadLeft($bytes, 4)); return $int; } private function decodeUint64($bytes) { return $this->decodeBigUint($bytes, 8); } private function decodeUint128($bytes) { return $this->decodeBigUint($bytes, 16); } private function decodeBigUint($bytes, $size) { $numberOfLongs = $size / 4; $integer = 0; $bytes = $this->zeroPadLeft($bytes, $size); $unpacked = array_merge(unpack("N$numberOfLongs", $bytes)); foreach ($unpacked as $part) { // No bitwise operators with bcmath :'-( $integer = bcadd(bcmul($integer, bcpow(2, 32)), $part); } return $integer; } private function decodeString($bytes) { // XXX - NOOP. As far as I know, the end user has to explicitly set the // encoding in PHP. Strings are just bytes. return $bytes; } private function read($offset, $numberOfBytes) { if ($numberOfBytes == 0) { return ''; } if (fseek($this->fileStream, $offset) == 0) { $value = fread($this->fileStream, $numberOfBytes); if (strlen($value) === $numberOfBytes) { return $value; } } throw new InvalidDatabaseException( "The MaxMind DB file's data section contains bad data " . "(unknown data type or corrupt data)" ); } private function sizeFromCtrlByte($ctrlByte, $offset) { $size = $ctrlByte & 0x1f; $bytesToRead = $size < 29 ? 0 : $size - 28; $bytes = $this->read($offset, $bytesToRead); $decoded = $this->decodeUint32($bytes); if ($size == 29) { $size = 29 + $decoded; } elseif ($size == 30) { $size = 285 + $decoded; } elseif ($size > 30) { $size = ($decoded & (0x0FFFFFFF >> (32 - (8 * $bytesToRead)))) + 65821; } return array($size, $offset + $bytesToRead); } private function zeroPadLeft($content, $desiredLength) { return str_pad($content, $desiredLength, "\x00", STR_PAD_LEFT); } private function maybeSwitchByteOrder($bytes) { return $this->switchByteOrder ? strrev($bytes) : $bytes; } private function isPlatformLittleEndian() { $testint = 0x00FF; $packed = pack('S', $testint); return $testint === current(unpack('v', $packed)); } }

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